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Facial Palsy or Bell's Palsy
Facial palsy, commonly known as Bell’s palsy, is a condition that causes sudden weakness or paralysis of the muscles on one side of the face. It occurs due to inflammation or compression of the facial nerve (seventh cranial nerve), which controls facial expressions, blinking, smiling, and other movements. The exact cause is often unknown, but viral infections such as herpes simplex are believed to be a common trigger.
Symptoms usually appear suddenly and may include facial drooping, inability to close one eye, drooling, loss of facial expressions, altered taste, ear pain, and sensitivity to sound. In some cases, patients may also experience dryness of the eye or mouth. Although the condition can be frightening, Bell’s palsy is usually temporary.
Early diagnosis and prompt treatment significantly improve recovery. Management may include corticosteroid medications to reduce nerve inflammation, antiviral drugs, eye care to prevent dryness, and facial physiotherapy to maintain muscle strength and coordination. Gentle facial exercises and massage play an important role in recovery.
Most individuals begin to improve within a few weeks, and complete recovery occurs in the majority of cases within three to six months. With proper medical care, physiotherapy, and emotional support, patients with Bell’s palsy can regain normal facial function and confidence.